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Nursing Research Critique Essays and Research Papers. LANDMARKS AFFECTING NURSING RESEARCH YEAR EVENT | 1859 Nightingale’s Notes on Nursing published | 1900 . American Nursing Journal begins publication | 1923 Columbia University establishes first doctoral program for nurses | Goldmark Report with recommendations for nursing education published | 1930s American Journal of Nursing publishes clinical cases studies | 1948 Brown publishes report on essay inadequacies of nursing education | 1952 The journal Nursing Research begins publication | . Florence Nightingale , Health , Health care 1167 Words | 5 Pages. Critique of a Nursing Theory April 30, 2010 Critique of a Nursing Theory This is a . critique of elena university Myra Estrin Levine’s conservation principles model. I will be discussing the formalia essay, meaning of the theory of the four principles; conservation of energy, conservation of of washington dorm move in day structural integrity, conservation of personal integrity, and conservation of essay social integrity. I will be using the criterion-based model (C-BaC) as a focus of the positive aspects of the university members, theory, as outlined by Johnson Webber (Johnson. Cholecystectomy , Family centered care , Integrity 1740 Words | 5 Pages. ?SPOON RIVER COLLEGE NUR 215 ISSUES OF NURSING Unit I Development of Nursing Objectives Learning Content Learning Activities . 1. Summarize health practices through the course of history.

2. Formalia Wissenschaftliches. Describe the university of washington dorm, image of nursing in art, media, and wissenschaftliches, literature over university time. 3. Analyze ways that have shaped the image of nursing throughout the years. Wissenschaftliches Help. 4. Argue how nursing fits criteria of a professional. 5. Compare social forces that have affected roles of American nurses. Tasha Hardy University. 6. Formalia. Integrate knowledge of current. Health care , Health economics , Medicine 1217 Words | 7 Pages. Scientific Method and Research Study. Quantitative Nursing Research Critique Lei Viray NUR/518 November 14, 2011 Elizabeth Esterl RN, MS, CCRC . Quantitative Nursing Research Critique The evidence-based practice is an essential element in nursing care. The research and martin simon hockey, evidence based practice are related to each other. The health care professionals including nurses are able to read and help, analyses the research critically to identify the best practice. University Directory. The research critiquing of a quantitative research is an formalia wissenschaftliches help, approach to examine.

Demographics , Nursing , Nursing research 2134 Words | 7 Pages. Five Key Historical Developments in fraser university hockey Nursing Research. Historical Developments in Nursing Research University of Phoenix NUR429 Five Key Historical Developments in formalia wissenschaftliches essay . Nursing Research The nursing profession is an evidence based practice which has made nursing research an important factor in nursing growth and elena trifiletti university of houston, development from the time of formalia help Florence Nightingale until present day. Nursing research is the process of gathering evidence that supports nursing practice. The five key historical developments in nursing research discussed in university of north this paper will. Crimean War , Florence Nightingale , Health 1253 Words | 4 Pages.

Nur /443 History of Nursing Research Worksheet. Nursing Research First published: 1952 Importance: Research began expanding to establish standards of caring in formalia wissenschaftliches essay . Martin University Hockey. nursing , prompting the wissenschaftliches help, publication of the hardy university, first nursing research journal. “ Research conducted by the ANA and other specialty groups provided the basis for wissenschaftliches nursing practice standards that currently guide professional practice. The increase in research activity in trifiletti the 1940’s prompted the first publication of Nursing Research ” (Burns Grove, 2007, p. 12). Sigma Theta Tau Journal. Health , Health care , Medicine 1078 Words | 5 Pages. University of Phoenix Material History of Nursing Research Worksheet There have been many influential publications, . Formalia Help. agencies, and people in the field of nursing research . Write 1–3 sentences in each cell of the table below to describe the tasha and howard, importance, goal, or influence of help each item. |Publications |First publication date and importance: | | Nursing Research |First published. Health , Health care , Medicine 739 Words | 5 Pages. Theoretical Framework in Nursing Process - Theory Analysis and Evaluation. Women's University, Master of Arts in Nursing Theoretical Framework for Nursing Practice – Module 4 A. Look for an example . of middle-range theory. Elena Trifiletti University Of Houston. Evaluate it as to essay the following (Be sure to justify your answers): 1. Congruence with nursing standards. 2. Congruence with current nursing interventions or therapeutics.

3. Evidence of empirical setting, research support and council hairspray, validity. 4. Wissenschaftliches Essay. Use by educators, nursing researches or nursing administrators. University Move In Day. 5. Social relevance . Florence Nightingale , Nurse , Nursing 1579 Words | 6 Pages. obvious deficiency in the application of theory in nursing practice. This paper will include a discussion of formalia wissenschaftliches how nursing . practice is elena university of houston affected by the use of nursing theory. I will provide evidence in relation to how theory based practice relates to the core competencies of the formalia wissenschaftliches essay help, Institute of Medicine (IOM) and Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) project. I will discuss a journal article that reinforces the gap of nursing theory in nursing practice, and interview colleagues regarding the. Health care , Nurse , Nursing 1607 Words | 5 Pages. and models of nursing practice Dr.

Sabah Abbas Ahmad College of Nursing university of Baghdad Sabah.abbas@ymail.com . COMPETENCIES 1. Definitions of theory, concept, model, proposition. 2. Explain the relationships of concepts and propositions to theory 3.Discuss the purpose of theory. 4. Explain the USE OF theories from other disciplines: . .5. Explain the newcastle university council members, interdependent roles of nursing practice, nursing theory, and nursing research . .6.History and evolution of formalia wissenschaftliches essay help nursing theory 7. Identify. Concept , Nursing , Nursing care plan 1893 Words | 7 Pages. RUNNING HEAD: NURSING THEORY Nursing Theory: Explanation and Relevance to tasha hardy Nursing Practices Katherine Lott . Azusa Pacific University Theoretical Foundations for Nursing UNRS 306 Professor Cone May 20, 2009 Merriam Webster defines the word theory as a belief, policy, or procedure proposed or followed as the basis of action. There are various categories of theories accepted and practiced throughout the formalia wissenschaftliches essay, world and throughout professional practices today. One example of a type of theory. Encyclop?dia Britannica , Florence Nightingale , Notes on of houston Nursing 1233 Words | 5 Pages.

Historical Development of Nursing. Development of Nursing The American Nurses Association (ANA) defines nursing as “…the protection, promotion, and optimization . of formalia wissenschaftliches health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of newcastle members human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations” (American Nurses Association, 2003, p. Help. 6). Nursing is considered an art, a practice, and a science. Simon. The relationship between theory, research , and practice. Florence Nightingale , Nurse , Nurse education 1269 Words | 4 Pages. How Nursing was before and formalia wissenschaftliches essay help, How Nursing is Today.

? Nursing Theory: How Nursing was before and How Nursing is Today Abstract . Nursing has been and will continue to evolve with new theories related to patients, nurses, education, and science. The past and present research and ideas of nursing theorists impact the science of nursing and the standards of the nursing profession. Core components of martin heaney simon fraser university nursing have resulted from the development of different nursing theories developed over the years which have contributed. Florence Nightingale , Maslow's hierarchy of formalia needs , Nurse 1494 Words | 5 Pages. Definition of Nursing “ Nursing is the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness . and of chicago directory, injury, alleviation of suffering through diagnosis and treatment of human responses, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and wissenschaftliches essay, populations,” defines the American Nurses Association (ANA, 2003, p. 6). The six main features of nursing are: provision of caring relationship to promote health; the university dorms, different human experiences and responses to health. Family centered care , Health , Nurse 1150 Words | 4 Pages.

Middle Range Theory in Nursing Cindy Spain American Sentinel University Middle Range Theory in formalia wissenschaftliches help Nursing The credibility of and howard a . profession is formalia wissenschaftliches help based upon its ability to create and apply theory. Nursing as a whole has not been at the forefront of theoretical research being much more practical or hands-on in nature. Unless nurses increase the value placed on research and the body of university of washington dorm move knowledge that establishes the legitimacy of their practice then nursing will remain in help a subordinate position in the. Nurse , Nursing , Nursing practice 1011 Words | 3 Pages. Qualitative Critical Appraisal, Attitudes Knowledge and Skills Needed in Mental Health Nursing. I have chosen to critique Rydon’s (2005) article ‘The attitudes, knowledge and skills needed in mental health nurses: The perspective of users . of newcastle university council mental health services’ because I am interested in formalia finding out of chicago, service user’s outlook of mental health nurses. When I qualify as a mental health nurse I would need to acquire the correct attitudes, knowledge and skills as this would make the essay help, nursing process more effective, because as McCabe and university of washington in day, Timmons (2006) suggest I will be more sensitive to the client’s. Focus group , Nursing , Nursing practice 1926 Words | 5 Pages. Concepts for Midterm Exam Spring 2013 Intro to Research Although any material from the assigned reading chapters is fair game for the exam, . here are the major areas to review: * Scientific research versus nursing research - * Scientific Research is formalia essay help concerned with ability to generalize research results. * Nursing Research - Generating knowledge that can be used in the near future. Martin Hockey. * Clinical nursing research - Nursing research studies involving clients or that have the formalia wissenschaftliches, potential.

Hypothesis , Null hypothesis , Nursing 1853 Words | 7 Pages. Historical Timeline of Nursing Theorists. Historical Development of elena of houston Nursing Timeline 1 Historical Development of Nursing Timeline Jill Dawson, BSN, RN, IBCLC . NUR/513 May 7, 2012 Kynthia James Historical Development of Nursing 2 The historical development of nursing has transformed over formalia wissenschaftliches help the years since the beginning writings of heaney simon university Florence Nightingale originating in 1859. Formalia Essay. Although she did not publish her work as nursing theory, Nightingale’s Notes on Nursing is presented as the first nursing theory and has directed. Florence Nightingale , Nurse , Nursing 1130 Words | 4 Pages.

Concepts of the Discipline of Nursing. Concepts Central to elena trifiletti the Discipline of Nursing In order to critically examine the concepts central to the discipline of nursing . Essay. it is important to clarify my understanding of what constitutes a discipline. Nursing literature has led me to understand that a discipline can be, in simple terms, thought of tasha and howard as a field of study with a unique perspective which gives rise to the nature and scope of inquiry of that field and therefore leads to a specialized body of knowledge (Parker, M Smith, M, 2010). Family centered care , Health , Nurse 1566 Words | 5 Pages. to be the ruling document. If you are unable to view the course syllabus in its entirety.

Please print in “landscape” view. Thanks Course Description . Wissenschaftliches. This course focuses on the professional role and discipline of nursing . Newcastle Council Members. Students will examine the help, image of nursing and develop strategies for university improvement. Standards of professional practice will be discussed in wissenschaftliches help relation to the profession, role, and value behavior. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding. History , Management , Nursing 1599 Words | 7 Pages. responsibility. The nursing profession enjoys a place of honor in contemporary Western society. In a recent Gallup poll, nurses ranked the . highest out of 21 professions with regard to honesty and ethical standards, surpassing pharmacists, physicians, police officers, high school teachers and martin fraser university hockey, even members of the wissenschaftliches essay, clergy (2011). The purpose of this paper is to explore how theoretical frameworks have established the newcastle council members, foundation for, and continue to guide the ethical aspects of nursing practice. Concepts. Florence Nightingale , Nursing , Nursing practice 1137 Words | 3 Pages.

Middle-Range Theory Continues to Guide Nursing Practice. Continues to formalia wissenschaftliches help Guide Nursing Practice Lisa M. Sanford Maryville University Middle Range Theory Continues to university freshman dorms at ole Guide Nursing . Practice Nursing theory has three distinct categories to describe the level of abstraction: Grand, Middle-Range, and Situation-Specific (Meleis, 2012, p. 33). Hugh McKenna (1997) defined these three categories, stating: Grand theory is highly abstract and is broad in scope. Middle-range theory is formalia wissenschaftliches essay more focused and is normally the elena trifiletti university of houston, end product of a research study. Formalia Wissenschaftliches. Narrow-range.

Family centered care , Florence Nightingale , Nurse 1367 Words | 4 Pages. DOROTHEA OREM’ SELF-CARE DEFICIT THEORY OF NURSING. ? DOROTHEA OREM’ SELF-CARE DEFICIT THEORY OF NURSING Dorcas Gray NUR/403 January 13, 2014 Marilyn Moorhouse University of . Phoenix Material Nursing Theorist Grid The chosen theorist is Dorothea Orem. Description of key points of the theory The self-care deficit theory “provides a way of looking at and investigating what nurses do” (Blais Hayes, 2011, p. 102). It speaks to activities that individuals can perform independently to maintain life, health, and university florida freshman at ole, wellbeing. The. Health , Health care , Nursing 1202 Words | 8 Pages.

Jean Watson’s Philosophy of Nursing NUR/403-Theories and Models of Nursing Practice August 9th, . 2010 Introduction Jean Watson’s theories of nursing are instrumental in today’s structure of wissenschaftliches nursing . Martin Fraser University Hockey. Watson’s theories are being practiced in various health care setting all over the world. One of these theories in formalia essay the nursing process. This entails first assessing patient. Feeling , Human , Nurse 2041 Words | 7 Pages. A Conceptual Model of Service Quality and Its Implications for Future Research. Patients do benefit from EBP and martin simon fraser, having access to formalia wissenschaftliches information which aides in trifiletti university the process is greatly needed. I like Orlando's theory. Formalia Help. Orlando's theory is very . usable in many nursing situations. Nursing needs to try to meet the patient's immediate needs as quickly as possible (Fawcett, 2005).

This theory may be related to of north at ole the incident of falls. Falls continue to be an formalia wissenschaftliches help, issue throughout healthcare. It has reached the level of concern to where agencies will no longer pay for complications received from. Family centered care , Maslow's hierarchy of needs , Nursing 668 Words | 3 Pages. Demystifying nursing research terminology. Part 1 Cite this article as: Welford C, Murphy K, Casey D (2011) Demystifying . nursing research terminology. Part 1. Nurse Researcher. 18, 4, 38-43.

Received February 12 2010; accepted October 29 2010 Correspondence to Claire Welford Email: claire.welford@ nuigalway.ie Claire Welford RGN, Dip NS, BNS Hons, MSc, PGC TLHE is elena trifiletti HRB nursing research fellow Abstract Aim This article aims to provide clear explanations of the research approaches available. Epistemology , Nursing , Nursing research 3494 Words | 21 Pages. Critique Essay 1 MSF Winston-Salem State University Critique Essay 1 The purpose of the essay is to critique . the research article “Mixed-Methods Exploration of Parents' Health Information Understanding” by Carlee Lehna and formalia essay help, Jack McNeil. Gaining knowledge and methods of critiquing an article through the contents and resources provided in this course. The function of literature review, problem statement, purpose statement and target population differences will be explored. According to Burns. Demography , Health literacy , Knowledge 723 Words | 2 Pages. ? Critique of a Research Article Module Title: Evidence Based Practice and the Community Word Count: 2,159 . (excluding reference list) This paper presents a critique of a qualitative research article titled: 'Perceived support from healthcare practitioners among adults with type 2 diabetes' (Oftedal et al, 2010) (appendix 1). To enable the critique of this article the Caldwell critiquing tool (2005) will be utilized. (Appendix 2) Research critiquing is a valuable. Academic publishing , Nursing , Nursing research 2714 Words | 10 Pages.

25). In this essay, Nightingale’s theory, contribution to research , and nursing development will be explained, which includes . Nightingale’s paradigm. The Historical Development of Nursing – A Timeline Wars are an martin heaney fraser hockey, important aspect in the evolution and development of nursing . In 1854, Florence Nightingale, viewed as the mother of wissenschaftliches essay help modern nursing , went to the front of the Crimean War (George, 2011, p. 48). Nightingale approached nursing by controlling the university of chicago law school, environment. The mortality rate of the. Florence Nightingale , Nurse , Nursing 1379 Words | 7 Pages. Red Group CLC Roy Adaptation Model Final version 1. Learning Community: Grand Nursing Theorist Assignment Roy’s Adaptation Model Alita Campbell, Helen Chacko, Dana Eckert, Sherry Phillips, Lisa . Waite Grand Canyon University – NUR 502 January 21, 2015 Collaborative Learning Community: Grand Nursing Theorist Assignment Roy’s Adaptation Model Nursing has developed into a profession, in which many theories have been developed and presented in order to lend guidance for purposeful and meaningful practice. In general, nursing theories are based on four. Health , Health care , Nursing 1956 Words | 10 Pages. Course Application #1: Origami and MRT 1. Define middle-range theories.

Why are they considered to be useful in conducting nursing . Formalia Essay. research ? Give at least three examples of florida middle-range theories, discuss what these theories are all about and how these theories are useful in nursing practice and formalia wissenschaftliches essay, research . Middle-range theories are a set of florida related concepts and proposed relationships among the concepts that can be depicted in a model. Middle-range theories are more precise and only analyses a. Empiricism , Nursing , Nursing practice 1287 Words | 4 Pages. Comfort Theory Sarah SchlenvogtPresentation College In my nursing practice with long term care residents, I frequently care for dying . residents. Instead of simply providing these patients with medication to wissenschaftliches essay ease the pain, I wanted to learn about ways to enhance the comfort of the university law school directory, dying patient and assist their beloved family throughout the difficult process. Wissenschaftliches Help. This desire led me to undertake a concept analysis of comfort. Through my research at the end of university florida freshman at ole life, I discovered Katharine Kolcaba’s theory. Health care , Health care provider , Illness 2322 Words | 4 Pages.

Current Influences of Research Utilization in formalia wissenschaftliches essay Practice According to Squires, Estabrooks, Gustavsson, Wallin (2011), research . utilization is the use of any kind of tasha hardy university research in any way. Concern has been expressed as to whether nursing practice is guided on the basis of scientific evidence or research . Research is available, but is it used to its fullest potential? The difference between research availability and the application of research to practice is known as the research -practice gap. Formalia Wissenschaftliches. Unfortunately. Cardiology , Deep vein thrombosis , Hypertension 1212 Words | 6 Pages.

just about university of washington dorm move in day everything that is needed. The nurses’ sole purpose in this film is to promote healing, preserve dignity and formalia essay, respect the newcastle university council members hairspray, patient as a whole . person. The nursing theorist strongly represented in this film is Jean Watson. . This paper explains Jean Watson’s theoretical concept how the nurse in the movie utilizes her nursing theory model. Summary of formalia Wit Wit is the story of of houston Vivian Bearing, a doctor of wissenschaftliches help English literature who is diagnosed with stage four, metastatic ovarian cancer. Human , Nurse , Nursing 1086 Words | 3 Pages.

Henderson in the development of her personal concept of what nursing is looked at different schools of thought on the needs of human . beings for functioning and university of north florida at ole, considered all of the aspects that these schools of thought when she finally came to formalia wissenschaftliches her conclusion of what nursing is. One can see aspects of physical, psychological and social needs in her work which gave a more holistic view of the patient and the practice of nursing in relation to patients. University Council Hairspray. It is because of her revolutionary take. Florence Nightingale , Maslow's hierarchy of needs , Nurse 1106 Words | 6 Pages. Beck's Theory of Postpartum Depression. describing, explaining and predicting phenomena.

In the world of healthcare the nurse through the understanding of theories attempt to formalia essay explain why nurses do . what they do. Nursing theories are the creative products of nurses who seek to thoughtfully describe relationships and elena trifiletti university, interactions that exist within nursing practice (Ingram, 2009). Formalia Wissenschaftliches. Nursing theorist Cheryl Tatano Beck (1949- present) developed a middle-rang theory that focused on postpartum depression (PPD). Beck identified a significant gap in maternal. Childbirth , Health care , Health care provider 1683 Words | 5 Pages. less considered; it can't be used on a patient who is unable to express a need; and some areas are not specific enough to generate a hypothesis. Her 1952 . book, Interpersonal Relations in tasha hardy and howard university Nursing , Dr.

Peplau outlines her conceptual structure for psychodynamic nursing . This book was the first published nursing theory since Florence Nightingale’s 1860 concept. The basis for her work was her personal and clinical experience. She worked during the great influenza epidemic, which helped her to understand. Florence Nightingale , Health , Nurse 881 Words | 3 Pages. ? Family Values Paper Anitra Wilson Nursing /542 May 16, 2015 Professor Sandra Brown Introduction Over the years, health care has . Formalia Wissenschaftliches Essay Help. been geared towards delivering patient centered care. Unfortunately this is not always the case, the family is considered an important component in family nursing . As nurses, it is of chicago imperative that we are capable of recognizing that all family dynamics are unique. Every family has its own values, history, rules and may respond different to certain illnesses or. Family , Health care , Medicine 742 Words | 5 Pages. Comparison and Analysis Across Theories.

Theories The purpose of the nursing theories is to provide an interrelating framework focusing on the nursing practice. The . defined nursing theories promote better patient care, improve the status of formalia wissenschaftliches help nursing profession, and improve the communication between the nurses, and provide guidance to the researches and education (Keefe, 2011). Not all nursing theories have the same meanings; however, they play the important role of explaining the key concepts and principles of nursing practice in understanding. Health , Health care , Medicine 1142 Words | 4 Pages. An Understanding of Roy's Adaptation Theory. Model The Roy Adaptation Model for Nursing had it's beginning with Sister Callista Roy entered the masters program in pediatric . nursing at the University of California in Los Angeles in elena 1964. Dorothy E. Johnson, Roy's advisor and seminar faculty, was speaking at the time on formalia the need to define the goal of nursing as a way of focusing the development of knowledge for practice. During Roy's first seminar in pediatric nursing , she proposed that the goal of university of washington dorm move nursing was promoting patient adaptation. . Nursing , Nursing assessment , Nursing care plan 1901 Words | 6 Pages. professional independence by guiding the practice, education, and research functions of the profession. The study of theory helps to develop . analytical skills, challenge thinking, clarify values, and assumptions, and determine purposes for nursing practice, education, and research (Reed, Shearer, and formalia wissenschaftliches help, Nicoll, 2004).

According to newcastle university council Reed, Shearer, Nicoll (2004) Jean Watson presents the most current nursing theories. She is the only nursing theorist to support the concept of soul and to emphasize the spiritual. Health , Health care , Illness 1854 Words | 5 Pages. Peer-Reviewed Concept Analysis Article Grand Canyon University Theoretical Foundations for Nursing Roles and Practice: NUR-502 July 24, . 2013 Peer-Reviewed Concept Analysis Article Woman-centered care in childbirth is the process in which a woman can make choices, be involved in, and has control over formalia wissenschaftliches essay help her care and of chicago, relationship with her physician or midwife (Maputle Donavon, 2013). Woman-centered care is a philosophy of care which gives priority to the wishes and needs of the female. Concept , Midwifery , Nursing 1106 Words | 4 Pages. TransitionTheoryAfafIbrahimMelesis. Transition Theory: Afaf Ibrahim Melesis Sharon Hixenbaugh Franciscan University Theoretical Foundations NUR 601 Professor Palmer November 6, 2014 Transition . Theory: Afaf Ibrahim Melesis Transition Theory, developed primarily by Afaf Ibrahim Melesis, is a nursing theory that is triggered by events and a process that involves individuals experiencing life changes and formalia help, then assisting these individuals with ways to promote health promotion and a sense of well-being. Most of the patients I took care of trifiletti were the. Chronic , Medicine , Nursing 1731 Words | 7 Pages. Jean Watson: A Caring Moment Christie M. Ishman RN NUR/403 Theories and Models of Nursing Practice April 4, 2011 Stephanie Merck, APRN, MS, . CS Background of theory The caring theorist, Jean Watson, first developed her theory and published the philosophy and formalia wissenschaftliches help, science of caring in 1979 (Current Nursing , 2011).

She describes nursing as a process of caring not curing, and hardy university, that it is effectively practiced and demonstrated interpersonally only. Her theory also “suggests that caring is. Activities of daily living , Care of residents , Nurse 1603 Words | 5 Pages. Nur/403 Watson's Theory of Human Caring. letting them know that you understood (Watson, 2009).

Jean Watson, a nurse, who through personal experiences, beliefs, values and, higher . education states that the focus of nursing is human caring, According to Lukose (2011) Caring and wissenschaftliches help, the healing task is university more heart-centered than conventional nursing practice and extends to examine self and others. The major concepts of Watson's theory of human caring in the caring-healing process has expanded over the years, but based off her theory. According to Jim , Nurse , Nursing 1546 Words | 4 Pages. Watson’s Theory of Human Caring The Watson's Theory of Caring, its major concepts and use in the field of nursing is described in this . paper. The caring moment is essay help illustrated by elena university of houston the case of a demented patient that serves to show the formalia essay, significance of love and caring.

The interaction with the nurse, the patient and the family is here described as well as the hardy university, carative factors used for the caring moment. The Caring Moment It is one of the elements that make up Jean Watson's Theory of Caring. Dementia , Love , Nurse 1790 Words | 5 Pages. Jean Watson's Theory of Human Caring Nursing is a profession that has been synonymous with the word caring. I decided to formalia essay help choose . nursing as my profession because I felt I had a calling to help others in need, knowing I am able to make a difference in my patient’s lives. The broad definition of caring has been theorized by the philosophy of Jean Watson and hardy university, has been the primary character of the formalia wissenschaftliches, nursing role model. Caring has been the core of all nursing actions and is defined by Watson as “the ethical. Human , Illness , Nurse 2229 Words | 6 Pages. Through time the university of houston, needs to be a nurse and the definition of nursing has changed slightly through time. The one characteristic that seems to be . consistent through time is a nurse should be caring. Jean Watson incorporated a theory- The Theory of Human Caring.

Watson (2002) developed a theory in which nursing is centered around helping the patient achieve a higher degree of wissenschaftliches essay harmony within mind, body, soul, and this harmony is achieved through caring transactions involving a transpersonal caring relationship. Family centered care , Human , Nurse 1817 Words | 4 Pages. groups use conscious awareness and choice to create human and environmental integration” (McEwen amp; Wills, 2011). The purpose of tasha and howard this paper is to explore . the concept of adaptation in help the hope to bring clarification to the use of the term in nursing research and practice. This will be done in the form of newcastle university members hairspray a concept analysis.

A concept analysis is the rigorous process of bringing clarity to the definition of the concepts used in science (McEwen amp; Wills, 2011). The concept analysis process of Walker. Adaptation , Environment , Natural environment 2237 Words | 7 Pages. be structured e.g. name the wissenschaftliches help, physical aspects of nursing care that you will be addressing. Tasha. Include a statement about maintaining the patient’s . anonymity. In this assignment there is no need to keep saying “I”. Background history Provide information on the patient’s background e.g. age, occupation, lifestyle, social situation, cultural background, housing status, health status, disability, spirituality, family / support network, relevant nursing and medical history etc. Why is the patient currently. Assessment , Family centered care , Nursing 1081 Words | 5 Pages.

Tierney (RLT) model of nursing framework and to show how the nursing process works alongside this model. This will be shown by a . holistic history of the patient being shown, followed by how the formalia essay help, RLT model is applicable to this patient. This is then followed by university council members hairspray one nursing intervention being discussed showing how the nursing process is applied to patient care. Formalia Wissenschaftliches Essay Help. The patient will be referred to as Mr Frederick Valentine to protect the patient’s anonymity as stated in the Nursing and Midwifery Council. Nursing , Nursing care plan , Nursing practice 2071 Words | 5 Pages. common themes in both nursing practice and nursing theory, the concept of caring in nursing may be the most central . University. theme of them all. In nursing , the formalia, one word ‘caring’ can both refer to the verb meaning ‘the action of carrying out the interventions and university of washington dorm move in day, needs of a patient’, or the emotion or feeling of empathy and/or the altruism that puts the patient’s best interests first. Examples of formalia essay help three different articles were compared and university of chicago law school directory, contrasted, all studying the concept of caring in nursing with different approaches. Family centered care , Florence Nightingale , Nurse 1375 Words | 2 Pages. University Concepts in Professional Nursing Ms.

Joyce Rogers, RN MSN Who is wissenschaftliches Jean Watson and what is her contribution to the . nursing profession? Jean Watson is of washington move in day a Distinguished Professor of Nursing and formalia wissenschaftliches essay, holds the Murchinson-Scoville Endowed Chair in martin heaney fraser university hockey Caring Science at the University of essay Colorado, Denver College of Nursing and Anschutz Medical Center Campus. She earned undergraduate and tasha hardy and howard, graduate degrees in formalia essay help nursing and psychiatric-mental health nursing , and a Ph.D. in educational psychology. Family centered care , Nurse , Nurses 1481 Words | 5 Pages. Nursing model is tasha hardy and howard university a collection of ideas, knowledge and wissenschaftliches essay, values about nursing which determines the way nurses, as individuals and . groups, work with their patients or clients (Hogston et al. 2002). Models therefore help nurses to elena organise their thinking about nursing and then set about their practice in an orderly and logical way (Hogston et al. 2002).

A nursing framework is a structure used to organise care given to wissenschaftliches essay help patients (Siviter,2))000) This essay will explore a needs orientated approach to. Goal , Nurse , Nursing 2286 Words | 6 Pages. Critically Explore and Reflect in a Systematic Manner the Delivery of Care to an Individual with a Learning Disability. assignment is to critically explore and reflect in a systematic manner the delivery of care to tasha hardy an individual with a learning disability. I will aim to . describe learning disability nursing practice. This will be done with reference to holistic, person-centred approaches, the use of nursing models, within the framework of the wissenschaftliches help, nursing process and within the operation of the multi-disciplinary team.

These processes and structures will guide and enable me to review and identify an individual’s health care need. Dentistry , Educational psychology , Health care 2566 Words | 7 Pages. Ways of Evaluating a Nursing Theory. evaluation of nursing theory: a method for our madness Sharon L. Dudley-Brown Assistant Professor, University of Maryland School of florida at ole . Essay Help. Nursing , Department of Material and Clinical Health, Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A. (Received 20 March 1995;revised 13 January 1996;accepted 11 March 1996) Abstract The profession of nursing has, in simon fraser recent years, been trying to further develop, test and use proposed nursing theory. To utilize theory appropriately, in all domains of practice, education and research , it is. Family centered care , Nursing , Nursing practice 6406 Words | 19 Pages. Critique and Analysis of essay Family Stress Theory Nursing theory explains the relationship between concepts to enhance . understanding and knowledge about a phenomenon (Walker Advant, 2005). Of Washington Move. Theoretical frameworks for nursing of families provide a foundation for guiding the development of family centered care and wissenschaftliches essay help, research (Friedman, Bowden, Jones, 2003).The application of theory helps to elena trifiletti guide nursing practice, education, and research and supports the development of evidence-based nursing strategies. Family , Family therapy , Nurse 2876 Words | 9 Pages. Step By Step Guide To Criti Research Pa. critiquing research . Part 1: quantitative research Michaei Coughian, Patricia Cronin, Frances Ryan Abstract When caring for . patients it is essential that nurses are using the essay, current best practice.

To determine what this is, nurses must be able to read research critically. But for many qualified and university of washington move, student nurses the terminology used in research can be difficult to understand thus making critical reading even more daunting. It is imperative in nursing that care has its foundations in sound research and. Nursing , Nursing research , Qualitative research 4909 Words | 7 Pages. Learning Activities Theoretical Framework in Nursing Activity 1 1. Discuss the development of the discipline of wissenschaftliches essay help nursing . . As advances in nursing science and research impact upon nursing education and clinical practice, new ways of looking at university hairspray phenomena have led to re-examination and refinement of the traditional concepts: person, environment, health, and nursing . Formalia Wissenschaftliches. This evolving pattern of intellectual growth holds promise for the discipline of tasha hardy nursing through the advancement of knowledge based upon. Nurse , Nursing , Nursing care plan 7697 Words | 25 Pages. CLINICAL SCHOLAR Linda J. Tucker Wayne State University Nursing 8620 Foundation of Nursing as a Discipline Professor Nancy . M. George September 20, 2011 The purpose of essay help this paper is to develop an argument essay on of washington dorm the DNP Scholar versus the PhD scholars.

Understanding the Difference There is a lot of confusion in this weeks reading on formalia wissenschaftliches help whether having a Doctorate of Nursing Practice (DNP) or a Doctorate in Philosophy of Nursing (PhD) will help in university defining our roles. Wissenschaftliches Essay Help. First question, Is. Nurse , Nurse practitioner , Nursing 386 Words | 2 Pages.

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8 Simple Business Plan Templates for Entrepreneurs. Writing a business plan is an important step in the startup process. It helps you and your partners decide if you will work well together, teaches you about the wissenschaftliches essay, marketplace, and lets you brainstorm business and product goals. But because of all the effort and detail involved, many entrepreneurs dread the thought of sitting down and creating this critical but time-consuming document. While business plans can be frustrating if you#39;re writing one from scratch, there are plenty of online templates available to university of chicago law school take some of the pain out essay of the process. Small business owners can benefit from simple, easy-to-follow business-plan tools so they can spend less time writing and more time launching. Here are eight resources you can use to help you craft a professional business plan quickly and easily. You#39;ve heard about those entrepreneurs who started off by jotting down their ideas on a napkin at a bar, café or restaurant. $100 Startup#39;s One-Page Business Plan is a little like that, but more organized. Designed for entrepreneurs who are itching to get started, this simple business-plan template asks a handful of heaney fraser university questions that you can easily answer in one or two sentences. Formalia Wissenschaftliches. It covers everything from what you sell and who will buy it to how you will get paid, hustle to find customers, foresee challenges and overcome the hairspray, obstacles all in a single page. [Writing a Business Plan? Do These 5 Things First] Not all small businesses are concerned with credit lines, partnerships and office space at least not in the beginning.

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Create your free Business Plan now. Make an wissenschaftliches, investment-worthy business plan easily with our free template. Select a Industry Fill in the Form. Complete your Business Plan. Print and martin hockey, Download For Free. Business Plans: Writing Guides, Downloadable Templates, and Samples. Updated February 15, 2017 by Legal Templates. 1. Free Business Plan Template Download. Are you an entrepreneur looking to download a free business plan?

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In the first download, you will find documents with all of the chapters, section titles, and section subtitles that you will need to successfully complete your plan. Help? Our first plan contains the elena of houston, 8 chapters of a basic business plan including: Chapter 1: Executive Summary: The executive summary provides investors with a general layout of your company. This chapter is essentially your hook to convince potential financiers that your model is worthy of formalia essay, their investment. Chapter 2: Company and elena university of houston, Financing: In this chapter, the goal is to formalia wissenschaftliches help, outline the university of chicago, legal and operational structure of your company, financing requirements, the wissenschaftliches help, history behind the university of chicago law school, company, mission statement and the management team. If you are forming a corporation, be sure to formalia wissenschaftliches essay, include your Articles of hardy and howard, Incorporation here. Chapter 3: Products and essay, Services: This section describes what products and/or services your business will sell (now and in the future), and newcastle university council members hairspray, how you will build, assemble and deliver them. It also offers a comparison of your company and your direct and indirect competitors.

Chapter 4: Customers and Market Analysis: The customers and market analysis page indicates your target customer segments, what needs you are filling for formalia wissenschaftliches help, them , and elena trifiletti of houston, the latest trends among these consumers in terms of wissenschaftliches, growth and behavior. Of Chicago Directory? Chapter 5: Marketing and Sales: The marketing and sales chapter allows you to describe how you will sell your product/service. Formalia Essay? Particularly what are your company’s strategies for positioning, pricing, promotion and distribution. Chapter 6: Strategy and Implementation: This chapter will give you an opportunity to university of chicago law school, set the key milestones that help establish a timeline of progress towards your goals. Additionally, it includes subsections like SWOT analysis, competitive edge, and strategic alliances. Essay? Chapters 7 + 8: Financial Plan, Sales Forecast, Financial Statements: In the final two chapters, entrepreneurs must define and calculate the financial variables that will go into the creation/expansion of your idea, including its expenses, your anticipated sales forecast, personnel plan, cash flow assumptions, and more. If you are purchasing an existing company, you should also include the business purchase agreement in your plan. What’s included in the template with sample text: In the second download, we give you a completed ice cream shop plan to reference.

Each section gives an example of what you should write. Our guide also includes example graphs and move in day, charts, so that you are aware of the types of formalia essay help, financial calculations, plans, and forecasts that a plan should offer to attract investment. For guidance on tasha and howard university what you should include in your plan, and essay, why, please reference our How to Write a Business Plan set of articles below. Downloading this small business plan comes at no cost, so feel free to start your download and elena trifiletti university, get started. However, you should be aware that there are some pros and cons to using free business templates, rather than using professional software or an experienced writer. Writing a business plan is a prerequisite to your company’s success. Formalia Wissenschaftliches? A solid plan is necessary to help found your company and ensure that your goals remain on track over time. Your plan can and will change as you encounter the unpredictable variables that come with starting your own company.

If you have an martin fraser university hockey, existing company, crafting a solid plan is equally important if you’re hoping to attract investment and wissenschaftliches help, expand your company beyond the limits you’ve already reached. Your business strategy should account for the next 3-5 years in advance, and cover every aspect of your industry, including the critical relation between marketing and sales to your company’s finances. Your plan should include the heaney simon fraser university, following sections before you submit it to investors. Click each accordion to read a how-to guide for formalia wissenschaftliches essay help, each chapter: “How to Write a Business Plan” Table of Contents: How to university of north florida dorms at ole, Write the Executive Summary. The executive summary contains all of the wissenschaftliches help, essential information about what makes your business strong and tasha, worthy of formalia help, investment . It covers the major highlights of the rest of university of north freshman, your plan’s chapters. The goal is to wissenschaftliches help, briefly tell your reader what your company will do, where you want to of chicago, take it, and why your business idea will be successful. If you are seeking financing, the executive summary is wissenschaftliches help your first opportunity to grab a potential investor’s interest. The executive summary will be the first chapter of your business plan, though it’s actually the last section that you should write . First, you’ll need to do heavy research to university of north at ole, ensure that your plan is wissenschaftliches essay sound before you can write the executive summary. This section will be different depending on if you are an established business or a new startup. A startup company’s executive summary will need to elena trifiletti university of houston, be interesting and convincing to capture the attention of investors.

Your company will lack the historical data and trends that existing companies are able to provide, but there are strategies to mitigate these factors. First, you’ll need to briefly explain who you are, the background of your management team, and your reasoning behind starting a business in your chosen niche. Secondly, you’ll need to demonstrate that you’ve done quality research that supports how you’ve conceptualized your business. Investors know that talk is cheap – do you have the data and analysis to help, back up your claims? Even in a standard plan, the executive summary for an existing business has no set template, although there are several suggested guidelines that you can find around the web. We suggest the following basic template – feel free to florida, add or subtract sections according to formalia wissenschaftliches, your own needs:

Summary Management Team Products and Services Customers Marketing and Sales Financial Forecast Financing Requirements (optional) Describe the purpose of the plan (e.g.; to raise a specific amount of debt financing to heaney hockey, expand a store location) as well an overview of the company (name, location, company type, products sold, founder(s) and formalia essay, founding date). Describe the key milestones or objectives that you want to achieve with this business (these are the tangible results in dorms, which you use to wissenschaftliches help, prove success of the venture). This statement should be concise and to the point. Summarize the members of the management team, including highlights of their expertise and university of north, experience . Describe how each member contributes to the success of the formalia wissenschaftliches help, organization. Keep this section brief, as you will go into more detail in the Products and Services section.

Products and university florida freshman at ole, Services. Describe the products and services you are providing and who the competitors are within the industry . Keep this section brief, as you will go into more detail in the Products and Services section. Describe whom your customer groups are and wissenschaftliches essay, whom your key customers are , as well as how you will market to university florida dorms, them. Keep this section brief, as you will go into formalia wissenschaftliches essay help more detail in the Market section. Describe briefly how you will market your product or service. Summarize the of north freshman at ole, major points in the Marketing and Sales chapter, which may include market positioning, pricing, promotion, and formalia wissenschaftliches essay help, distribution. Summarize the most important points from the Financial Plan section here. This should include your sales forecasts and projected expenses as well as the logic behind the projections. If you are a new company, describe when you expect to turn a profit . If you are an existing company, highlight past financial performance.

7. Trifiletti Of Houston? Financing Requirements (Optional) Summarize the amount of equity and/or debt financing that you are seeking, when you need it, the formalia wissenschaftliches essay help, use of the of chicago, funds, and when you expect to formalia wissenschaftliches help, reach your next milestone event and/or start paying back the loan. Keep this at an overview level , as you will go into more detail later on tasha and howard university in other chapters. Note: This is a complex question that you cannot answer until you complete your plan, so it is highly recommended you work your way through the essay help, entire writing process first . Of Chicago? In particular, complete the wissenschaftliches essay, financial planning process before attacking this section. Only then will you be able to identify the amount of money you will need to raise. With these sections fleshed out, you’ve finished your executive summary. How to Write the Company and Financing Chapter. The company and finance section of your plan is law school directory important, because introducing the management team is formalia wissenschaftliches essay help critical for of north freshman, both start-ups and established companies alike. Investors will use this information to gauge the future likelihood of success.

Company and Financing Sections. Company Overview Management Team Required Funds (optional) Exit Strategy (optional) Mission Statement (optional) Company History (optional) Location and Facilities (optional) There are many variations and approaches on how to help, lay out the various components of a business plan. Our approach for tasha hardy, the company overview section is to formalia wissenschaftliches, provide the university, reader with the company’s legal information, address and a brief description of the company’s history. Since there are follow up sections in this chapter that over go the company’s location and history in more detail, you will want to keep this short (2-3 sentences). A BRIEF PRIMER ON COMPANY TYPES. The optimal company type is best determined by a credible Attorney.

The primer below is meant only to explain the broad differences between the wissenschaftliches, most common company types. A sole proprietorship, according to the IRS: “A sole proprietor is of houston someone who owns an unincorporated business by him or herself.” While the most simple to formalia essay help, set up and the most common, there is a significant drawback: you will be personally liable for any obligations. Elena Trifiletti Of Houston? So for example, if you sell someone a cupcake and they sue you because they found a hair in it, and wissenschaftliches essay, you lose in court, the creditors can legally go after your personal possessions – such as the roof over your head. A partnership, according to the IRS: “A partnership is the elena, relationship existing between two or more persons who join to carry on a trade or business. Each person contributes money, property, labor or skill, and expects to share in the profits and losses of the company.” A partnership has certain advantages compared to wissenschaftliches help, a LLC, such as not needing to tasha university, file formation documents when setting up a partnership, and not needing to file dissolution documents if dissolving the wissenschaftliches essay help, partnership.

However, similar to sole proprietorships, partners in a partnership have unlimited liability for the company’s debts and liabilities. Limited Liability Partnerships (LLPs) LLPs are different from traditional partnerships in that there are two classes of partners: (1) General partners that have full management and control but also full personal liability and (2) Limited partners that have no personal liability beyond their investment in the partnership interest. Tasha And Howard University? Limited partners are often times “silent partners” that wish to invest in wissenschaftliches essay, the venture but limit their exposure to liability. A corporation is a separate legal entity owned by of chicago law school shareholders. Wissenschaftliches? A corporation is commonplace for businesses that anticipate seeking venture capital financing. The downside to a corporation is the problem of “double taxation” since the university of chicago law school directory, corporation’s profits is taxed at the corporate level, and formalia wissenschaftliches help, then any dividends distributed to shareholders are then taxed again at the personal level. You can elect a special tax status with the IRS to have your corporation not be taxed at the corporate level (instead, it would be taxed as a pass-through entity). Some of the drawbacks include not being able to have more than 100 shareholders , and university council, not being able to have non-US citizens/residents.

A popular choice among many small businesses , a LLC limits the formalia wissenschaftliches, member’s personal liability and martin fraser, only taxes profits at formalia wissenschaftliches the individual level (acts as a pass-through entity). Describe the type of company you plan to open, along with the registered name you plan to use. Explain your rationale – for example, if you are starting a company where you plan on seeking venture capital financing, then you will want to start a C-Corporation as majority of university freshman, VCs will insist on this legal structure. If you have a home office/no dedicated business address. Include your current office setup and your future office plans once your company expands, if applicable. For start-ups, and especially those seeking financing, the Management Team section is especially critical.

With the formalia wissenschaftliches essay, lack of history, there is little investors can go by to gauge the future success of a venture. The question lenders and investors will ask: Why should we trust your team with our money? You must demonstrate your team’s ability to execute on the stated goals. To accomplish this, you should highlight: Background of each member of the management team (education, relevant work experience, etc.) Roles and responsibilities within the company. Tip: Don’t include details about and howard, members of the Management Team that are not relevant to the reader.

Everything presented should reinforce why your team is the right team to execute on the company’s vision. If you have an established business the information you want to present is the same. Keep in mind, however, that you also want to formalia essay help, demonstrate that your team has the capability to manage growth of the company. As a company grows from start-up to of north, established business, the management team must also change. Formalia Wissenschaftliches Essay? They must be able to manage employees, institute standardized systems, and ensure the business’s ability to scale operations while keeping profitability stable.

If you already have a Board of Directors and/or Advisory Board, list these individuals and martin university hockey, a brief description. In a publically trading company the Board of Directors is elected by the shareholders and is the highest authority in the management of the help, company. For our purposes (context of a private company that is most likely a startup or small but growing business), a Board of elena of houston, Directors is comprised of investor(s), founder(s), CEO and wissenschaftliches help, independent board member(s) who have substantial business and university of washington, industry experience. A Board of Director’s typical responsibility is to set broad policies for the company, determine compensation for company management, and approve annual budgets. An advisory board is a group of business leaders that can help guide your company and provides it with assistance when needed. Essay? Choose individuals with knowledge in florida at ole, your industry and are willing to play a role in your company . Formalia Essay? While some advisors are compensated, it comes down to of washington move, a case-by-case basis, frequently depending on how much time the member is committed to help, your company. Tips on building your Advisory Board: Choose a well-respected and well-known individual as the first member of your Advisory Board.

This will help you to recruit other members of the Board. Choose individuals that have strengths and relationships your business will need. As your business evolves, so will the members of university of washington in day, your Advisory Board. Formalia Essay? Feel free to shake up the line up over time. In this section you will tell the reader how much money you need to raise, what you are going to use it for, and how you got to the requested amount. Important note: This is move in day a complex question that you cannot answer until you complete your plan, so it is highly recommended you work your way through the entire writing process and in particular, complete the financial planning process. Only then will you be able to wissenschaftliches help, identify the tasha hardy, amount of formalia, money you will need to raise. There are two primary financing options: equity and debt.

The primary difference between equity and debt financing is university that debt financing is essentially a loan that is backed by your assets or via a personal guarantee. Formalia? If your company is already in existence and has trading history, then you may also secure a loan off of simon fraser, your receivables. In contrast, equity financing is formalia wissenschaftliches essay essentially you exchanging a stake in your company for a specific sum of money from an investor . Therefore, the amount you are able to raise from investors comes down to elena trifiletti of houston, how much they value your company. Formalia Essay? There are three fundamental questions every savvy investor will ask you: Cool idea, how do you make money with it? How much money do you need, and why and tasha hardy and howard university, when? What do you think your company is worth? If you are seeking financing (regardless of its equity or debt), that most likely means that your financial model shows your company taking a loss in formalia wissenschaftliches essay help, the initial stages, followed by tasha break-even and subsequent profitability. The money you are seeking to raise will simply allow you to have enough cash to cover the initial period where you will be taking a loss so that you can eventually make a profit.

This is a simplification; you may be raising money to wissenschaftliches essay, further grow your company, which may already be profitable. Or you might use the trifiletti, financing to formalia wissenschaftliches help, get your product to the next stage in its product development lifecycle (i.e.; milestone event). But the general concept is the same; the investment you are seeking bolsters your company’s cash position , allowing it to grow revenue and/or profitability. Cool idea, how do you make money with it? / How much money do you need, and why and when? The financial statements provide the answer to the first two questions (which is why we recommend you complete your plan first). To answer how much money you need, analyze the cash flow statement to determine the cumulative cash flow. University Freshman At Ole? The lowest point on this curve will tell you what your maximum financing needs are , and at what point in time.

What do you think your company is wissenschaftliches worth? The third question is much harder to answer, especially for a new company. At the end of the day it really comes down to council hairspray, what an investor thinks your company is worth (which is more art than science). However, there are three popular methods of valuing a company that can help you come up with a valuation to facilitate the negotiation. Cost approach (asset based approach) The cost approach seeks to determine a company’s value by analyzing the market value of its assets. In other words, in this approach the company is worth the sum of all its assets if they were to be liquidated . This approach may be appropriate for some industries such as real estate where the asset value may actually be worth more than the going concern value (present value of future cash flows generated by the asset). However, for essay, many companies the value of its branding and reputation, along with its ability to generate profits, will exceed the value of its assets. The market approach seeks to determine a company’s value by tasha hardy and howard analyzing recent sales of similar assets, with the theory that valuations of similar companies can serve as a good proxy. Formalia Essay? This is a common approach in the real estate industry. The income approach seeks to determine a company’s value by martin university hockey using its expected profit over time and then placing a value on that future stream of income in today’s terms . Since there is inherent uncertainty with a future stream of essay help, income, there are numerous ways to discount that expected income to account for risk.

Now you have all the pieces to law school, complete the equation. You have the wissenschaftliches, amount of money you need by looking at cumulative cash flow. You also have an idea of how much money your company will be worth. Equation to determine how much equity you should offer: Equity to offer = Company Valuation / Money needed.

If raising debt, you are not exchanging equity for cash. Instead, you should focus on the loan’s interest rate and payment schedule. Make sure you will be turning a profit that is both large enough and soon enough to ensure there is no delinquency on servicing the loan. For equity financing, answer the following: Investment amount needed When you need it How much time it will buy you / When you expect to turn a profit or get to the next milestone event % of equity offered and at what company valuation (you may wish to keep exact figures vague in order to further negotiate) Exit strategy. For debt financing, answer the following:

Loan amount needed When you need it When you will be able to pay back the loan The amount and frequency of loan payments. In addition to florida, the information above, you should also summarize how you plan to formalia essay help, use the funds. The level of detail should be at a high level ; if the investor or lender wants to see expenses in more detail that will be available in the Appendix within the of washington move in day, Profit/Loss statement. Construction of new kitchen: Kitchen remodeling, March 1, 2014, $25,000 Kitchen hardware, April 1, 2014, $50,000 Total Loan Amount: $75,000.

If based on your financial model you anticipate relatively small yet variable expenses month to month, a line of credit may be a good choice. With a line of credit you draw upon it when you require the funds and pay interest immediately on the money as it is borrowed. It works very similarly to a credit card in that you typically have a pre-set limit to how much you can borrow, the wissenschaftliches help, major exception that since you may be able to university of washington dorm move in day, secure the line of credit with assets, you may be able to get better terms. In the Quick Start Guide we briefly went over wissenschaftliches help the different strategies available and how thinking about your company’s eventual exit will help shape your business model. It’s recommended you review the Quick Start guide and elena trifiletti, practice that exercise. Depending on formalia wissenschaftliches your company, there are various exit strategies available, including: Selling your business Passing it down through the council hairspray, family Taking the company public (IPO) Liquidation. If you are seeking equity financing, then your investors will pay close attention to this section.

Angel investors and VCs demand a large return on their investment since they are taking a large risk by investing into formalia wissenschaftliches essay your company. Therefore, you need to include detailed information on how you intend to elena university, sell the company or take it public. Demonstrating a large market opportunity. If investors are going to take a big risk, they demand a big return. You need to formalia help, demonstrate your business has the potential to either take substantial market share from an incumbent competitor, or create a new market. Investors like to be in hot, growing industries such as biotechnology, mobile e-commerce and healthcare. These are all industries that have huge upside growth potential and ones that investors are more inclined to elena, invest in. Solving a larger company’s problem. If your exit strategy is to sell your company to a larger company, then identify how your company’s product solves that larger company’s stated problems and/or goals.

For example, Apple’s mapping software is playing catch-up to formalia wissenschaftliches essay help, Google Maps. If your company can help Apple improve its software, your company would become an attractive acquisition target. The mission statement reflects the university law school directory, core purpose and vision of the company. It’s a statement your employees and wissenschaftliches help, customers can get behind. Some tips on writing a well-crafted mission statement: Keep it short.

1-2 sentences max. Don’t use “fluff” words. Make the statement mean something. A mission statement, if done well, should encapsulate both what the company does (what it sells) as well as the culture/vision/purpose. Examples of Fortune 500 firms that really get it right: A. BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB COMPANY (PHARMACEUTICALS) Mission Statement: “To discover, develop and deliver innovative medicines that help patients prevail over serious diseases.” Why it’s great: The keywords “discover, develop and of washington in day, deliver” demonstrate the company’s capability to in delivering an end-to-end solution. By using the words “innovate” and “prevail over serious diseases” it serves as a rallying call for their thousands of employees that what they are doing is formalia help (1) cutting edge and (2) has a higher purpose then themselves. Mission statement: “ We will be the easiest pharmacy retailer for customers to use.” Why it’s great: In one short sentence, the company has managed to trifiletti, (1) describe what it sells (2) how it will win in the marketplace.

It is a pharmacy retailer and it will solely focus on making itself easier for the customer to use (that could mean so many things, such as innovating online to wissenschaftliches, fulfill prescriptions to improved customer service within their stores). Example of poorly written mission statements. A. FORTUNE 500 FOOD AND BEVERAGE COMPANY. Mission statement: “ The Company’s primary objective is to heaney fraser university hockey, maximize long-term stockholder value, while adhering to the laws of the jurisdictions in which it operates and at all times observing the highest ethical standards.” Why it’s horrible: It does not serve as a rallying call for employees, suppliers, or partners.

Its objectives are obvious (what company does not want to wissenschaftliches, maximize value) and borderline absurd (are there companies that do not want to of chicago, adhere to local and federal laws)? Lastly, it does not mention what the formalia wissenschaftliches, company actually does. B. FORTUNE 500 VEHICLE PARTS SUPPLIER. Mission Statement: “ We are committed to elena trifiletti university of houston, attracting, developing, and keeping a diverse work force that reflects the help, nature of university move in day, our global business.” Why its horrible: While a diverse workforce is formalia wissenschaftliches help certainly not a bad thing, only stating that as the company’s mission statement is ineffective, lacks direction or focus, and completely misses the point of having a mission statement. This is trifiletti of houston predominately for businesses that have previous trading history, but can also be used by new companies that want to highlight relevant history on how the company came to existence, work completed to date, milestones achieved, etc. Some information you may want to include:

Start date First location First product/service Significant milestones/events. Reminder: keep in mind that there is no set rule as to the level of detail you want to include. This is dictated by the relevancy of the information to the reader and how this information helps strengthen your plan’s ability to build credibility for your company. Every company is made of milestones. Milestones for formalia, a business are achievements that demonstrate the business is on the right track. They are best when quantifiable and measureable. For example, achieving a working prototype of your product, or getting to university, break-even, are both huge milestones that showcase your ability to execute and formalia wissenschaftliches help, reduces subsequent risk of your company. Key concept: The more uncertainty that you can take off from the table, the better valuation you can get for your business. For businesses that have a retail or manufacturing component, this is an important section of your plan.

Information you may want to include: Size (e.g.; in sq. ft.) Location/Address Other notable facts, such as equipment at the facility. Location is important for a large number of newcastle university council members hairspray, retail businesses, whether you are a restaurant or purveyor of consumer products. If possible, provide statistics about the retail location you have chosen or are planning to choose. Describe the lease terms you are able to formalia wissenschaftliches, secure, and if there are any laws that protect the lessee from unreasonable price increases. You can read a detailed article about what to look for in a lease agreement here. Provide detailed information on university members hairspray the manufacturing facilities. For example, your operation may require a reliable source of electricity and water. Describe how the facility provides the business with these resources.

If the formalia wissenschaftliches help, facility is pre-existing equipment or structures that can be leveraged, make mention of that. Location can be an of houston, important aspect of your business even if you are not in retail or manufacturing. For example, you might want to open your software company in Silicon Valley as that provides a competitive advantage from an formalia wissenschaftliches essay, employee recruitment and trifiletti university, fundraising perspective. If you operate out of a home office. Describe your future expansion plans, including expected date of expansion. Upon completing these sections, you will then be finished with the company and financing section of your business plan. Writing the Products and Services Chapter. The products and services chapter of wissenschaftliches help, your business plan should be written clearly and florida at ole, descriptively, to formalia wissenschaftliches essay help, help give investors a comprehensive understanding of the heaney fraser university hockey, bread and butter of your business.

Your products and services section should include the following sections. Products and Services Chapter Sections. Products and Services Competitors Sourcing and Fulfillment (optional) Technology (optional) Intellectual Property (optional) Future Products and formalia essay, Services (optional) Your products and services are the lifeblood of your business – it’s what your customers need, and university of houston, if you get this right, everything else will follow . Formalia Help? Commonly referred to as “product lift”, which essentially means getting the secret sauce working. It means that customers want to university of chicago law school, buy your product/service, and formalia wissenschaftliches essay, you are filling a need that was previously not satisfied. Thinking in terms of benefits vs. Fraser Hockey? features.

What is the formalia wissenschaftliches essay help, consumer really buying? For example, a person buying a Rolex watch is not only buying a device to tell time, but the prestige and status that comes with a luxury product. Think about what end benefit your product/service delivers. Of course, the elena trifiletti university of houston, functional aspects of your product/service are also important. Depending on what you are going to sell, think through the features it will provide, packaging, design, branding, quality, and other aspects that help position and/or differentiate it from competing products/services. You may have heard the business adage that acquiring a new customer is indefinitely more expensive then keeping an existing customer. One of the reasons this is true is the formalia help, potential to sell additional add-ons, upgrades and substitute products/services to existing customers . Think about how you can drive incremental revenue. Whether it’s via subscriptions, repeat business, or annual contracts, you may be providing products/services that generate a recurring revenue stream. This is a good thing, because (1) your revenue can be more predictable and stable (2) you are maximizing earning potential . University Of Houston? Think how you can generate recurring revenue, which is expressed with a metric called Lifetime Value per wissenschaftliches, customer.

You will complete the price you want to set your products/services in university, the Financial Plan chapter, and we also have a section for you to describe your pricing strategy; however it is advisable to start thinking about how you want to wissenschaftliches, price your products/services. Competitive analysis is an and howard university, extremely useful tool and formalia help, one that should be revisited often as the university of washington dorm, competitive landscape changes over time. It starts with competitive analysis. Background (location, history, ownership) Financials (revenue, profitability) Products (product line, services, patents, licenses) Marketing (channels used and budget, pricing, alliances/affiliates) Personnel (headcount, notable executives, compensation, job openings) Market share Strengths, Weaknesses. Tips on how to perform competitive analysis. The Internet makes this much easier then in days past. Some ideas: Google search using keywords that your customers would use to find you Look up industry association websites Look up directories such as Yahoo or Crunchbase Use Indeed.com to find your competitor’s job openings Competitor’s websites Find your competitor’s management team members on LinkedIn. Not only formalia wissenschaftliches essay, do you have to worry about current competitors you can see, but you have to be vigilant and be on the lookout for directory, new entrants. Formalia Wissenschaftliches? For example, a company that already sells to your customer base may see your industry as a logical next step. You should consider the likelihood of new entrants high if:

The industry sees high margins (its super profitable) There is unmet demand (more customers then suppliers) There are no major barriers to entry (does not take much to start competing) There is future growth potential (such as mobile apps) Much of this is hardy and howard common sense – if you see a market opportunity that no one is competing in yet, don’t expect that you will be alone for wissenschaftliches, long. Sourcing is simply the tasha hardy and howard, process of procuring goods and services from suppliers that are required for your company to make its products or deliver its service. Some things to consider when choosing and managing your suppliers: Cost: This is an obvious one – the wissenschaftliches, lower the price, the trifiletti university, higher your profit margins will be. Payment terms: The longer you have to pay your suppliers, the formalia, more working capital you have on hand. Reliability: You must consider how reliable your suppliers are and what would happen to your ability to operate if they cannot deliver. Scalability: As your business expands, will your suppliers be able to meet your needs? Fulfillment is of chicago directory simply the wissenschaftliches essay, process of how your company delivers its products/services, from point of sale to delivery. There are several popular fulfillment options:

Engineer to university directory, order: the product is designed and built to customer specifications (e.g.; large construction projects) Build to order: the wissenschaftliches essay help, product’s design is standardized but manufacture of university dorm move, final product is help based off of elena of houston, customer specifications (e.g.; aircraft and yachts) Assemble to order: the product is assembled to the customer’s specifications using pre-fabricated components (e.g.; Chipotles burritos, Dell computers) Make to stock: the wissenschaftliches help, product is manufactured in quantity based on expected sales of the product (e.g.; retailers) If you are going to university of north florida freshman, be selling physical products and expect to hold inventory, then you should pay very close attention to how you forecast the amount of inventory you need to meet your projected sales. Too little inventory and you may not be able to wissenschaftliches essay help, meet demand. University Of Chicago? Too much inventory and you tie up all of your cash on excess inventory. Some key points: Have accurate sales forecasts. Use historical sales data if you have it, and formalia help, make sure you account for seasonality. Have accurate inventory tracking. Use bar code scanning or equivalent to ensure there are no data entry errors. Utilize inventory management software.

QuickBooks, Sage, and a plethora of other vendors provide a cloud-based solution for you to manage and maximize your inventory levels. Technology in today’s business environment is becoming more and more important and serves as a source of hardy university, competitive advantage. Wissenschaftliches Essay Help? Take Wal-Mart or FedEx as two examples of companies that provide services (low-cost products and freshman dorms at ole, shipping), but utilize technology as a critical means of delivering those services. Wal-Mart uses a sophisticated supply chain management IT system to ensure its low prices. Wissenschaftliches Help? FedEx uses technology to optimize delivery routes and times, which enables it to ship to practically every corner of the globe, seamlessly and with very low error rates. Think about how technology plays a part in your business and if it is critical to hardy, your business operations. If technology is critical to your business operations, then you must think about your disaster preparedness and contingency planning . Depending on formalia wissenschaftliches help your business, you may want to create back-up copies of data and software, routine security checks, and securing physical assets. What would happen if you lost access to the technology?

Think about alternatives that you could utilize. For example, if you license a piece of law school directory, software and later down the road decide that the cost is too high, is there a competitor who can license you an alternative? If you have exclusive rights to a technology, either through a patent or through an formalia wissenschaftliches essay, exclusive license agreement, this is elena trifiletti of houston a great competitive advantage and one that you will want to describe in detail. There are two types of intellectual property that may be applicable to a business: industrial property (such as patents and trademarks), and copyright (such as novels and movies). If you have intellectual property that you want to protect, it is advisable that you seek the professional advice of a good Patent/IP Attorney , since this is a great way to provide a barrier to entry for your business. Intellectual property type 1: Industry property. These include inventions (patents), trademarks and industrial designs (trade secrets, trade dress). Formalia Wissenschaftliches Essay Help? If you have any proprietary process or technology then it is newcastle university hairspray recommended that you apply for a patent to protect your invention. You should apply for a trademark for your company name and wissenschaftliches, logo as well. Intellectual property type 2: copyright.

These include literary and university dorm move in day, artistic works such as novels, poems and plays, films, musical works, artistic works such as drawings, paintings, photographs and sculptures, and architectural designs. In 2011, counterfeit copyrighted and trademarked goods were a $600 billion dollar industry worldwide. Enforcing your intellectual property may be feasible from a legal point of view, but many times is not practical in practice. For example, Microsoft cannot possibly prosecute every single instance where its popular operating systems are copied and downloaded. IP and your employees and contractors. It is just as important to secure your intellectual property in relation to your employees and contractors. Everyone should be required to wissenschaftliches essay help, sign an invention assignment agreement, which basically states that the company owns all works produced while contracted by the company. In addition, you may consider handing out serialized notebooks for employees to use , so that if there is ever a conflict as to whom owns a piece of intellectual property, there is a physical record. If you have future products and services planned, it is university dorm a good idea to essay help, describe the product roadmap and newcastle council hairspray, strategy behind it . A key concept is that of product lifecycle, which describes the stages of the life of a product. During this phase, your product will incur heavy promotional costs as you get the word out. You may discount the price of the product to encourage new customers.

During this phase, you may focus on expanding your product to new segments in the marketplace, and expand the product line (for example, with new colors or other variations). During this phase, you are enjoying the formalia, fruits of your labor. You may add new features to your product to stay competitive and to further differentiate your product from competitors. Marketing spend for your product starts to dissipate as sales of your product are in steady decline. After including all of this information, you’ll have completed the products and university of north florida dorms, services chapter. Writing the Customers and Market Analysis Chapter. The customers and market analysis chapter will give you an opportunity to describe what your customer segments are, what needs you are filling for them, and how these groups of customers are trending in terms of growth and behavior. This chapter also includes any regulatory restrictions specific to your industry. Customers and Market Analysis Sections. Market Overview Market Needs Market Trends (optional) Market Growth (optional) Industry Analysis (optional) Key Customers (optional)

In the market overview section you are going to calculate the total market (referred to as Total Addressable Market) for wissenschaftliches essay, your products, and tasha and howard, then the help, segment of that market your business can capture. Total addressable market can be thought of in several distinct levels. At the highest level is an estimate of the university hockey, total market given 100% saturation. Another way of looking at help this is what would be the total market if one company had 100% market share. Once you have the total addressable market, then you can estimate what percentage of this you can realistically capture. This, of course, is much harder to predict with accuracy. Of Houston? So the important thing to remember is to utilize strong sources for your assumptions. For example, lets say you plan to open a high-end steakhouse in downtown Miami. Essay Help? To calculate your total addressable market, you might count how many high-end restaurants are in the downtown area and research the average annual sales for university council members hairspray, each restaurant. Then multiply the two to get the total sales for all high-end restaurants. Formalia Essay? This would be your total addressable market.

Using the example above, we can then drill down to the next level and determine what percentage of the market you can realistically capture. You might assume that you will take an equal share of the market, thereby decreasing all other competitor’s shares in the market. Or you might offer cheaper prices, which you assume would take a larger percent of the market. Whatever your assumption, make sure it is of washington move well documented and logical. To obtain jaw-dropping product-lift you must solve a difficult and painful problem for the customer. And if there are competitors, you must solve the problem better than them, and formalia, enough so that customers are willing to switch to trifiletti, your company. Describe what problem your product is wissenschaftliches essay help solving. If you are targeting multiple customer segments, make sure you go into detail on how your product serves each customer segment. Elena Trifiletti University? Describe how your solution better solves customer’s pain points then your competitors. We as consumers are inherently lazy. We do not want to go through the time and cost of switching from one company’s product/services unless it is compelling enough, which is dependent on the switching cost.

For example, there is formalia help virtually no cost to switch from Coke to Pepsi. On the other hand, there is high switching cost associated with migrating from a Mac to of north freshman dorms at ole, a PC. To overcome this problem, describe how your product either is able to overcome customer’s inherent adversity towards switching products, or if your product is able to reach new customers and bypass switching costs altogether (in other words, instead of wissenschaftliches essay, taking customers away from your competitors, you are creating a new market for your products). Understanding market trends at law school the macro level is formalia help critical for various aspects of hardy, your business. Essay? A growing or shrinking market is described in more detail in the market growth section. Below are some of the other factors that will affect market trends: The overall economy has a disproportionate effect on some businesses.

For example, dog-walking services usually see a decline in sales as households reduce spending on non-essential purchases. Government regulations and policies can completely alter an industry, so it is imperative that you are up to date on upcoming changes. For example, the Jobs Act of 2012 allowed for the first time non-accredited investors to participate in private placement of securities. This in turn has created a new market for university council, crowd-funding websites to formalia wissenschaftliches help, emerge to connect startups with all types of investors. You may be in an industry where political conditions have an impact on the bottom line. For example, if you count the Dept. of Defense as one of your clients, then the across-the-board budget cuts (i.e.; Sequestration in the Budget Control Act of 2011) would surely have a negative effect on your business. If you build your business on university of north freshman dorms top of a technology platform that will soon be replaced with a more cost affordable, powerful, and easier to use technology, then that will surely put you in a less advantageous position. Essay Help? Knowing technology trends is valuable in ensuring you are gaining a competitive advantage through the use of technology. Your customers may change their sensitivity to price depending on a variety of university of north freshman dorms at ole, factors, including competition, macroeconomic conditions, and help, changing consumer tastes.

Keeping an eye on this trend will ensure you optimize your pricing strategy. Market growth, mathematically, is simply measuring the change in market size from one time period to the next (usually in years). So if the market in the first year was $100 million and university dorms at ole, $150 million the second year, then the market can be said to have grown by 50%. You will find that measuring market growth using historical market size data is much easier then forecasting market growth. Utilize publically available data sources, trade publications, market research firms, and government agencies to wissenschaftliches essay help, find much of this research. Being able to demonstrate a market is growing is obviously important – for example, the market for Blackberry accessories is clearly a declining market. Most investors and lenders will not want to see a new business chase after dwindling customers. On the other hand, the market for Apple and trifiletti university, Samsung phone accessories have seen great growth and formalia help, will continue to university of washington dorm, grow as those companies continue to add new customers. Your industry is formalia essay defined as the group of companies that are related to you in terms of what you sell/how you derive your revenue.

For example, Ford and Nissan are both in the automotive industry. Ford and university council members, Nissan’s market (i.e.; customers) would be the end consumers who buy their cars. You will want to describe your industry name/classification (SIC/NAICS Code), which can be found on the Dept. of Labor website. Understanding your industry’s dynamics is formalia wissenschaftliches essay help imperative to newcastle university members, knowing it’s profit potential and attractiveness. A popular framework for conducting industry analysis is Porter’s five forces analysis, which analyzes an industry’s competitiveness (and therefore attractiveness). By performing this analysis you will have a clear picture of your competitors and how your company fits within the competitive landscape. If your industry has low barriers to entry and low switching costs, then expect increased competition, as there is little standing in the way for new entrants to enter the market and compete. If your industry is supplied by very few suppliers with little alternative but to help, source from of north freshman dorms at ole those suppliers, then expect downward pressure on your margins. If your industry only has a small number of buyers, or there are many alternative products to choose from, then expect downward pressure on formalia essay your margins.

If there are many substitute products in your industry and heaney university hockey, the switching costs between them are low, then expect substantial competition. An industry is very competitive if there are many competitors about the same size, there is little differentiation between competitor’s products, and it is mature with little growth (so the only way to grow is to wissenschaftliches essay help, take a competitor’s market share). Although your product may cater to many different sets of customers, you want to focus on a select group that will be the most likely to purchase your product/service and account for the lion’s share of dorm move, your company’s revenue. For many businesses, you will soon realize that a large portion of your revenue comes from a small percentage of your customers. Formalia Wissenschaftliches Essay Help? For example, Starbucks may realize their key customers are white-collar business types that purchase a cup of coffee every day, versus the university, student type that comes in once a month. When you can name your key customers. If you are in a business where volumes are low and prices are high, then you should be able to name your key customers individually.

In this case, you should describe in wissenschaftliches help, detail your relationship with each of them separately. If you’ve filled out this chapter, congratulations. Doing market research and customer analysis is university council members hairspray a complicated and time consuming task. Wissenschaftliches Help? Time to of chicago, move on to the next chapter! Writing the Marketing and Sales Chapter. The marketing and wissenschaftliches essay, sales chapter gives you an opportunity to hardy and howard university, describe how you will manage your sales force and what sales activities they will conduct in order to wissenschaftliches help, close sales. Overview Positioning Pricing Promotion Distribution. In this section, summarize your marketing plan, being sure to include: Positioning: Are you going to be the lowest cost provider or provide a differentiated product? Pricing: How will you price your products/services?

Promotion: How will your market your products/services? Distribution: Where will your product/services be available? Tip: It will be easier to write this section after you complete the subsequent sections as the overview section summarizes key findings from the other section. Keep this section at the summary-level, as you will go into further detail in the subsequent sections. Describe how you position your company within the competitive landscape. Will you compete on price, or will you differentiate your offering and stand out from your peers? For example, Wal-Mart positions itself as the freshman, low-cost provider in an industry, while Apple designs premium products to reach the luxury end of the market. Provide your product/service at the cheapest price point in the marketplace. Formalia Wissenschaftliches Essay? There are three primary ways to university of north florida dorms at ole, achieve this:

Economies of formalia help, Scale: For example, being able to turn more tables in a restaurant or produce more widgets in heaney fraser, a factory. The more you are able to produce from wissenschaftliches essay help your asset, the cheaper it becomes. Martin Simon University Hockey? It will also be harder for your competitors to enter the market since you have fixed assets and experience that requires a large investment. Low operating costs: Keeping costs down across all aspects of the business, including: Standardization: Limited customization Outsourcing: Outsourcing labor to low cost production centers Thrift: Limiting advertising and RD spend Optimized supply-chain: By lowering inventory and negotiating with suppliers, companies can substantially improve their profitability and cash flow. Making your product/service unique by targeting a specific segment of the wissenschaftliches, market is a compelling strategy, especially if: Your customers are not price sensitive The market is competitive Your are targeting a specific niche You can provide a product/service that is not easily copied. You can also achieve differentiation through branding and marketing – for example, Starbucks sells premium coffee at a premium price point, primarily through the elena, strength of their branding and not through the taste of their coffee. Determining the optimal price for formalia wissenschaftliches essay, your products/services will require you to think through several factors: If you are going shooting for the low cost provider strategy, then you will want to price yourself accordingly. Likewise, if you are going for the luxury end of the market, then a higher price is often times a proxy for quality. How price sensitive are your customers?

If your customers are making their purchase decision primarily based on price, then you will want to be sensitive to this. The price you set must be high enough to university dorms at ole, over your costs so you can turn a profit. Formalia Wissenschaftliches Help? There are, of course, exceptions. For example, you might want to achieve economies of scale by maximizing units sold, or you might be maximizing revenue to achieve dominant market share. There may be regulatory/legal constraints on how much you can charge. For example, payday loan vendors are restricted in how much they can charge their customers. Looking at what your competitors charge can give you a understanding of what current customers are accustomed to paying and will likely be willing to pay for university florida dorms at ole, your products/services.

There are price points that consumers are psychologically more accustomed to, such as amounts ending in .99 or .95. In this section, you move from describing your marketing plan onto how you will convey your marketing message to your intended audience. What marketing channels will you utilize to reach your target customers? Depending on your business, traditional media may be an important component of your complete marketing toolbox. These would include television, radio, billboards, flyers, etc. In today’s environment few companies can afford not to have a strong online presence. There are a myriad of wissenschaftliches help, options available. Elena Trifiletti University Of Houston? Each marketing channel must be carefully measured for effectiveness, as online marketing can quickly add up and consume a small business’s entire marketing budget. A website is a key component of your digital marketing efforts as it will be the destination in which your online leads will first visit.

Some online marketing options include: Search engines (i.e.; Google, Bing) Directories (Yelp, Angies List) Daily deals (Groupon) Email marketing Social media (Facebook, Twitter) Word of mouth marketing is by far the wissenschaftliches essay, most profitable and powerful marketing channel available to any business. New customers that are referred to elena trifiletti university, your business are more likely to purchase and more likely to continue referring your company. Wissenschaftliches? There are ways to boost word of mouth marketing, especially with the advent of social media. For example, asking a satisfied customer to like your business on Yelp and Facebook will potentially reach hundreds of their contacts, all with one click.

Integrating social media into your word of mouth marketing strategy is heaney invaluable for formalia, every business. Blogging/Becoming a subject matter expert. Having a leading voice in university of washington dorm in day, your industry will help your business gain credibility from customers, suppliers, partners and competitors. You can start by formalia participating on public forums and martin fraser, blogs related to formalia, your business and of washington in day, adapting the adage “give more to get more”. How will your products be available? On one end of the spectrum is direct marketing, whereby you sell directly to your customers. Or if you manufacture your products, you might sell through distributors, who in turn sell to retailers, who in turn sell to consumers. Help? Three common models: Product is stocked in mass-market distribution channels. Examples include soft drinks, magazines, etc.

Product is specialized and sold through specialized channels. Examples include nautical computers and tooling/machinery. Product is only sold through an exclusive channel. Examples include luxury products such as high-end motorcycles or designer handbags. The Internet presents an unparalleled opportunity to of north freshman, reach customers directly, as well as working with online channel partners to reach and sell to customers. Writing the Strategy and Implementation Chapter. The strategy and implementation chapter will give you an opportunity to define the formalia wissenschaftliches help, key milestones that mark meaningful progress towards your goals.

It also includes sections that further elaborate on your competitors. Strategy and Implementation Sections. Milestones SWOT Analysis (optional) Competitive Edge (optional) Strategic Alliances (optional) Milestones are the simon, key events that demonstrate progress is being made , such as completing the help, company’s first prototype or breaking even. These provide a tangible way to measure the success of the business venture. Milestones are so incredibly important to a business yet are one of those things that can be easily overlooked. University Members? Why are milestones so important?

Because they are a way to measure meaningful progress of a company that in effect, makes that company less risky (and therefore more valuable). Wissenschaftliches Essay? A new company has an extremely high-risk profile – but as it meets tangible milestones, such as completing a prototype or breaking even, the company’s risk decreases. It becomes more apparent that the venture will succeed. Investors and lenders will be looking at what milestones your company has reached in order to university, create a fair valuation. Milestones might include: Assembling company team First working prototype Filing/receiving patent or other IP Securing physical location for store First paying customer Breaking even Turning a profit* *If you can demonstrate not only formalia help, turning a profit, but also sustaining that profit, then that is a huge milestone. SWOT Analysis is a useful technique for understanding your company’s strengths and weaknesses , while identifying both the opportunities open to university of washington dorm in day, your business and the threats it faces.

Strengths and Weaknesses refer to internal factors in your company, such as: Employees and formalia wissenschaftliches, staff Physical assets such as equipment and facilities Financial assets. Opportunities and Threats refer to external factors facing your company, such as: Market trends Regulatory and legal Macroeconomic conditions Competitors. Competitive edge can be bucketed into four primary areas: cost, differentiation, innovation and operational effectiveness. Are you providing a product/service at university of north dorms at ole a lower cost then your competitors?

This is formalia essay help a straightforward competitive edge that is very difficult to deliver. Providing the and howard university, lowest cost may require operating on razor thin profit margins or heavy investment in wissenschaftliches help, fixed costs in order to achieve economies of scale. Are you providing a product/service that your competitors are not offering or cannot offer? This is a common strategy whereby you provide differentiated value in order to better serve customers and/or reach a portion of the dorm in day, market that may be under-served. Are you leapfrogging your competition and providing a notably superior or new product/service?

Popularized by the book “Blue Ocean Strategy”, creating new demand in an uncontested market space is a powerful business strategy. Do you provide superior time to help, market or customer service? For example, your customers may be willing to pay a higher price for better customer service . Nordstrom’s is an example of a company that uses superior customer service as a competitive advantage. Forging strategic alliances is a commonplace occurrence in dorms at ole, business. Wissenschaftliches? There are a wide variety of simon fraser university, alliances you might encounter, with various parties in formalia wissenschaftliches help, which you do business. Even if you do not have any alliances, there may be an university freshman dorms at ole, opportunity for a partnership in formalia, the future and that should be included in this section. You might have a supplier who has a disproportionate amount of influence and power of your business. Simon Fraser University Hockey? Striking a partnership in this case may decrease those risk factors and provide a competitive advantage over your competitors. You might have a large portion of formalia wissenschaftliches help, your revenue coming from several key customers.

Inking an exclusive agreement to lock in fraser university, revenue would, for instance, give you predictable cash flow. It is not uncommon to partner with competitors under certain circumstances – for example, to set standards for the industry or to essay help, help further adoption of tasha hardy and howard, a technology. For example, Sony and Panasonic partnered together to formalia help, increase the adoption of Blu-ray DVDs. Aligning your brand with another company is frequently used, especially if both brands are targeting the same demographic. For example, Samsung is the official sponsor of the Olympic games and will provide free mobile phones to directory, all Olympic athletes. Upon completing these sections, your strategy and formalia wissenschaftliches help, implementation chapter will be finished. Writing the Financial Plan, Statements, and Sales Forecast Chapters.

Writing the elena trifiletti of houston, financial plan, financial statements, and wissenschaftliches essay help, sales forecast will be the most difficult part of your entire plan. It requires making a large number of intelligent assumptions about the size of the market you can realistically target, and the costs associated with making your product or rendering your services. These sections are the red meat of hairspray, your plan — these are the formalia wissenschaftliches, chapters that any seasoned angel investor or venture capitalist will dig into to make sure they know they’re making a solid financial investment. Chapter 7: Financial Plan and Sales Forecast Sections. Sales Forecast Personnel Plan Budget Cash Flow Assumptions Loans and university of north, Investments Starting Balances Historical Financials Key Metrics for Success. Define the price in which you will sell your products and services, the cost it will take to produce or sell the product/service, and the number of units you will sell. Be conservative when making your estimates on the number of units you will sell, ensuring you have a reasonable methodology when making your forecast. It is highly recommended that you first complete the following sections as they lay the essay, foundation for of washington in day, defining the sales forecast. Products/Services section: Defines what you will sell and at what price point; also seeks to define the production cost Target Market section: Defines the size of formalia wissenschaftliches, your target market and what quantities you can sell.

Tip: Your sales forecast should sync with your Sales and Marketing plan. For example, if you plan on hiring several sales people nine months from the start of your business, you should forecast an newcastle members hairspray, increase in sales thereafter. This is the price you will sell your products/services. Fixed price: Suitable for most sales forecast modeling Price changes over formalia wissenschaftliches help time: The price of martin heaney simon fraser, your product/service may increase/decrease in formalia essay help, price over time for university law school, several reasons: Keep up with inflation Keep up with increased cost of raw materials or components Seasonal product – discount to offload excess inventory Promote new product – discount upfront to encourage sales, then increase later. This is the help, direct cost of producing your product/service (at the of north florida freshman dorms at ole, unit level).

Otherwise known as cost of goods sold (COGS). Fixed costs: Suitable for formalia wissenschaftliches, most sales forecast modeling % of sales: A good way to forecast costs; as sales increase you can set the elena trifiletti of houston, cost as a % of help, sales on a sliding scale. Newcastle University? Costs vary each month: The cost of your product/service may increase/decrease in price over essay time for several reasons: Economy of of washington dorm, scale: the more units you produce, the cheaper it becomes to produce them Bargaining power: the more units you buy from your supplies, the cheaper they become Seasonality: cost of formalia wissenschaftliches, raw materials may fluctuate based on time of year. This is the expected number of units you will sell. My units are constant: Not particularly suitable as most businesses will expect to have some growth over time. Units sold changes over simon fraser time: The quantity sold of your product/service may increase over formalia help time for several reasons: Growing market share Finding new markets. Sales tax requirements vary by country and by products/services sold. In the United States, there is no sales tax at the federal level; however, many states levy selective sales tax on martin heaney particular goods or services. Wissenschaftliches Help? Check with your state department of taxation if you are required to collect sales tax.

If yes, you collect the sales tax from your customers and then remit the tax to the state each year. If the individual assumptions used for each component of the of north florida dorms at ole, sales forecast is accurate, so will the overall sales forecast. You should be able to explain where each number comes from, citing studies/research that validates your assumptions. The costs of hiring personnel are often the largest expense of any business. In this section, you will enter forecasted employees and contractors you plan to hire. The number of personnel you plan to formalia help, hire and at what time is more of an art then a science. Too much staff too soon and you’ll burn through your working capital. University? Too few staff and you’ll run the risk of alienating your customers and partners when you can’t deliver. A good way to think about your personnel plan is to think about the milestones you want your business to formalia wissenschaftliches help, accomplish and trifiletti university, what personnel are required to get your business there.

You can always revise your estimates, so start off with your best estimate and come back to this section later. Tweak as needed so that your business model demonstrates profitability within your target time frame. The type of company you are building and the financing required also makes a big difference in your staffing plan. Formalia Wissenschaftliches Essay? For example, if you are seeking venture capital that mean you are going to want to hire and scale quickly in order to generate large revenues. Conversely, if you are seeking debt financing, you want to operate as lean as possible and maximize profitability so you can service your loans. Fixed amount: Suitable for council members, most situations. Changes over time: You might want to formalia wissenschaftliches essay, define a compensation plan for sales personnel that have an annual bonus component, for example.

Employee: If choosing employee you will have to consider certain employee taxes and other considerations. Contractor: If selecting contractor, ensure that you are classifying said contractor correctly. In the United States, for example, you are legally required to provide employee-type benefits in certain situations even if you classify the personnel as a contractor. If hiring employees, you will be responsible for additional costs such as (but not limited to) payroll taxes, worker’s compensation and health insurance, paid time off, training and travel expenses, vacation and sick leave, pension contributions and other benefits. This is referred to of north florida freshman at ole, the burden rate, which provides a truer picture of total labor costs than payroll costs alone. Burden rate only essay help, affects employees and not contractors. If unsure what to enter, 15% is a fair estimate. Explain the dorm, assumptions and methodology used to define the help, personnel your business plans to martin heaney fraser, retain, including how you came up with your compensation figures and burden rate. For example, you might explain that as you plan to hire several sales people to essay, coincide with the release of university of washington dorm, a new product.

Enter expenses you plan on incurring for your business. A good way to make sure you capture majority of your business’s expenses is to think through costs associated with each functional area of your business, such as product development, marketing and operations. Categorize expense into groups, such legal and administrative, rent and leases, and formalia wissenschaftliches, telecommunications. Do not include fixed asset expenses (assets whereby you derive value from for more than 12 months) such as a company van or computers. You will enter these in the next step. Advertising Expense Amortization Expense Auto Expense Bad Debt Expense Bank Charges Cash Over and Short Commission Expense Depreciation Expense Employee Benefit Program Freight Expense Gifts Expense Insurance – General Interest Expense Professional Fees License Expense Maintenance Expense Meals and Entertainment Office Expense Payroll Taxes Printing Postage Rent Repairs Expense Salaries Expense Supplies Expense Taxes – FIT Expense Utilities Expense Gain/Loss on Sale of trifiletti university of houston, Assets. Enter long-term asset expenses here. Long-term assets are comprised of two types: tangible and formalia wissenschaftliches, intangible assets. Fixed assets are tangible assets that provide value for more than 12 months, such as a company van or computers. Of Washington Move In Day? Fixed assets are depreciated over its useful lifetime. This is an accounting method that allows the formalia essay help, business to allocate the heaney hockey, costs of the asset over its life by gradually reducing its value.

Common fixed assets: Land and Buildings Motor vehicles Furniture Office equipment Fixtures and essay, fittings Plant and machinery. Intangible assets are long-term assets that are not physical in nature. Intangible assets are amortized over its useful life. These might include: Intellectual property (items such as patents, trademarks, copyrights, business methodologies) Goodwill Brand recognition. Enter other short-term assets here, which most likely will be any prepaid expense that lasts for less than 12 months. Besides prepaid expenses, other current assets also include short-term investments and securities that are likely to turned into cash within a year. A prepaid expense can be described as such: A 12-month office lease is signed with the total lease amount of $12,000 being paid upfront. Classifying this as a regular expense would not be accurate because then the PL Statement and Cash Flow Statement would both show the and howard, $12,000 as a one-time upfront payment on the month it which it was made. This type of expense is better described as a prepaid expense, since the use of the formalia wissenschaftliches essay help, office is members hairspray spread out over a 12-month period of time and formalia essay, can be considered an asset on the Balance Sheet that is expensed over time.

By classifying this as a prepaid expense (or an amortized short term asset) then the PL Statement would show the $12,000 prepaid expense spread across 12 months at $1,000 each month, while the Cash Flow Statement would reflect the $12,000 payment on month in which it was made. University Of Washington In Day? Under Assets, the Balance Sheet would then show the amount of formalia essay help, Prepaid Lease that is remaining at the end of the accounting period. Enter an estimate for income taxes you expect to pay, which should be a summation of of washington dorm, federal, state and help, local income tax. Do not include other taxes such as property tax (should be entered as a separate expense) or employee-related taxes (this is covered in the Personnel Section as the Burden Rate). As this is only an estimate, 100% accuracy is elena not required (if unsure what to enter here, use 20%). Dividends and formalia essay, distributions (for corporations and LLCs/partnerships, respectively) are payments to the company’s shareholders/owners, taken from the company’s profit. Dividends are typically paid out at the end of the fiscal year, while distributions can be given out at the discretion of the owners. You may want to university florida dorms, set this to zero initially and see how the financials of your business model work out; then you can work backwards and determine how much of retained profit you want to distribute to owners/shareholders. Here you can explain any regular costs that are associated with running your business. What are the monthly or ongoing costs that you must pay to essay help, keep the business up and running? For example, this could be paying monthly utilities and of chicago, rent expenses for your office space, insurance, or any marketing or advertising costs.

For a start-up, remember that there are always up-front costs or one-time costs associated with getting things started, so be aware of any of wissenschaftliches, these expenses and include them in your budget. Accounts receivable is defined as sales that the university of north freshman dorms, company has made but has yet to collect the money from the purchaser. Most companies operate by allowing some portion of formalia wissenschaftliches essay, their sales to university at ole, be on wissenschaftliches essay help credit. These types of sales are usually made to frequent or special customers who are invoiced periodically, and allow them to avoid the hassle of move, physically making payments as each transaction occurs. You want your accounts receivable to be as low as possible to increase your cash flow. Defining what percentage of your sales will be on credit. You want this percentage to be as low as possible, while keeping in formalia wissenschaftliches essay help, mind that for tasha university, some businesses it is preferential to provide some credit to your best customers. Defining how long it will take to collect payment. Of the customers that you provide credit to, you need to essay help, define when they are to pay you back. The faster, the better your cash flow will look like.

It is typical to provide net-30, which is of north freshman dorms at ole 30 days. Accounts payable is defined as short-term debt owed to suppliers and banks. It is to your advantage to negotiate longer payment terms with your suppliers, as it will improve your cash flow. When looking at accounts receivable (what is owed to you) and accounts payable (what you owe), the key thing to remember is that you want to be paid as soon as possible, and you want to pay others as late as possible (cash on hand is king). Defining what percentage of your purchases will be on credit. You want this percentage to be as high as possible, as that will improve your cash flow. However, ensure you are able to pay your vendors on the purchases made on credit.

Defining how long it will take to collect incoming payments. How many days will it take, on average, to collect incoming payments? Select the typical number of days between when you make a credit sale and when the essay, payment arrives. Tasha Hardy University? Keep in mind that shortening this period can vastly improve your cash flow. If your business will sell physical products and wissenschaftliches essay, you plan on elena trifiletti of houston keeping inventory on hand, then you need to define how many months of formalia essay, inventory you wish to keep on hand. The more months of inventory you hold on university of washington hand, the more cash is tied up in inventory. This will affect your cash flow. How much inventory should you carry? The ideal amount varies from industry to industry, and business to essay help, business. A good place to find more information is newcastle university council hairspray trade associations for your industry. Formalia Wissenschaftliches Help? In order to improve your company’s inventory management, you will need to start by tasha and howard university collecting good records on your inventory.

Using inventory turnover rate as an indicator. Inventory Turnover Rate = Costs of Goods Sold (COGS) / average cost of inventory on hand. A low inventory turnover rate means that you may have too much inventory on formalia wissenschaftliches hand. Understanding and managing cash flow is very important to any business. Elena Trifiletti Of Houston? The time period for credit sales and payments may depend on formalia wissenschaftliches help your suppliers or your industry.

Paying and getting paid later rather than earlier can entirely change your cash flow projections. You can utilize this section to explain any assumptions about hardy, cash flow, including details on the time period in formalia wissenschaftliches help, which you will make and receive payments. Move In Day? How did you come to these assumptions and how will it affect your business? When taking out a loan, you borrow an amount of money (principal) from a lender, and are obligated to pay back at a later time (usually in installments). You will typically pay interest on the loan. If you are seeking a loan then enter the amount, as you want to forecast the financials assuming you have secured the formalia wissenschaftliches help, loan. Personal vs Commercial Loans. For many small businesses, taking out a personal loan to finance growth is commonplace. These might include credit cards, home equity line of dorm move, credit (HELOC), and installment loans. If you have an existing small business, commercial loans can be obtained, which are based on a variety of formalia wissenschaftliches, factors. Secured vs Unsecured Loans.

A secured loan is dorm move a loan in which you pledge some asset (equipment, property, etc.) as collateral. Help? Unsecured loans (credit cards, personal loans) are not secured against a borrower’s assets. Interest rates will be higher for unsecured loans versus secured loans, for elena university, obvious reasons. If you have a pre-existing loan, then you can specify those details in the Starting Balances section. A line of credit is similar to a loan with the difference being that interest is not charged on the part of the line of credit that is unused, and the borrower can draw on the line of credit at any time that he or she needs to. Wissenschaftliches? If you are seeking a line of credit then enter the amount, as you want to forecast the financials assuming you have secured the line of credit. The line of credit may be classified as a demand loan, which means that any outstanding balance will have to be paid immediately at university dorm move the financial institution’s request. Investments include injections of cash into the business from you, other shareholders or owners, or investors.

This typically refers to equity investments where investors contribute cash to the business in exchange for equity (ownership). In this section, you can describe how your business will be funded. Formalia Essay Help? If you are a startup, it is likely that the money you make from of north florida freshman at ole sales will not cover all your business expenses so you may need additional sources of funding, such as taking out a loan, receiving investors’ capital, credit lines, or other ways of borrowing money. What type of funding will you acquire? At what point in your plan are you expecting these funds? For existing businesses only. The starting balances will be used to adjust the balance sheet to wissenschaftliches help, take into account your company’s financial history. Important: all starting balances should be entered as they are at the start of your plan.

Enter starting balances for assets: Cash Accounts Receivable Inventory Other current assets Long term assets Accumulated depreciation. Enter starting balances for liabilities: Enter starting balance for Capital and Earnings: Enter your Recent Sales: One month before start date Two months before start date Three months before start date Four months before start date Five months before start date Six months before start date. If you are an existing business, you can enter past financial data here. This is newcastle university members hairspray optional and will be used to calculate historical financial ratios in the Financial Statements section. For each year of your company history , include: $ Sales $ Gross profit $ Income from operations $ Net profit $ Current assets $ Current liabilities $ Inventory $ Total assets $ Total liabilities $ Total owner equity.

Every business model has several key metrics that management can use to see if the business is healthy. For example, a restaurant might use the number of tables it can turn per formalia essay help, night and tasha hardy university, the average revenue per formalia essay help, dinner. Think about what levers make the most impact to your business. You will want to elena trifiletti of houston, continuously track and wissenschaftliches essay help, monitor these metrics to ensure your business model is tasha hardy working. Chapter 8: Financial Statements Sections. Profit and Loss Statements Balance Sheet Cash Flow Statement Financial Ratios. The Profit Loss (i.e.; income statement) shows your revenue, expenses, and profit. It is the most common of the essay help, three reports as it provides a view into the company’s projected “bottom line”.

The statement here is a read-only display, calculated automatically from the information you entered in freshman dorms at ole, the Sales Forecast, Budget, and Personnel Plan sections. Wissenschaftliches? If you wish to university dorm move, edit or change any information, you may do so by going back to those sections. Formalia Wissenschaftliches? The statement here will update automatically. The balance sheet gives a snapshot of and howard, your company’s financial position at a given point in time, usually the wissenschaftliches, last day of a fiscal period. It is called a balance sheet because assets (what you own) will always equal the sum of your liabilities (what you owe) and stockholder’s equity (your investments from stockholders plus money that your business earned that is put back into running your business).

The balance sheet here is a read-only display. Hardy And Howard? If you wish to formalia essay help, change the balance sheet, you can do so by going back to the builder in the Financial Plan section. If you are an existing business, you have the option of adding starting balances under the Financial Plan section. The cash flow statement displays the cash inflows and outflows from your operating, investing and financing activities. Rather than providing an overview like the balance sheet, the cash flow statement will measure the change in cash during a period. In other words, how much money did you start and end up with? The statement here is a read-only display. You can go back to newcastle university, edit the sections in the Financial Plan section in order to essay, change the elena university of houston, accounts affected in the cash flow statement.

The Financial Ratios section gives a general overview of the health of your business. The report here is a read-only display. If you wish to change any of the information, you may do so by editing the relevant financial information you’ve entered previously. Wissenschaftliches Essay Help? The ratios here will update automatically. The Liquidity Analysis shows how solvent your company is, or how easily convertible to cash is the tasha hardy, company in case. Wissenschaftliches? This is important in heaney fraser, determining the ability of the formalia wissenschaftliches, business to meet its obligations, or paying off what it owes in debt.

The Profitability Analysis shows the overall performance of the company in its ability to make a profit. The ratios show how much of sales revenue is actual profit after taking costs and expenses into account. The Debt Ratio shows how much of the business’s assets are financed by university dorm move debt and how much of the business’s assets are financed by stockholders’ equity. The Investment Measures show ROI (Return on Investment) which is the percentage of the return (net profit) of the business divided by the cost of the investment. The most common method of formalia wissenschaftliches essay help, calculating ROI is to divide net profit by total assets. Finishing these chapters represents a massive achievement in completing your business plan. Of North Freshman At Ole? It is by wissenschaftliches essay help far the most difficult chapter, as it requires doing somewhat complicated math to generate accurate financial statements. Hairspray? In all likelihood, you will need to hire an expert or accountant to help you create an accurate and detailed plan that adheres to realistic outcomes. To finish it off, you’ll need to write an appendix and a glossary of wissenschaftliches, terms.

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